Submarine Varnishes

Fluoride varnishes in caries prevention.

The first fluoride varnishes were developed during the 1960s (Duraphat) sodium fluoride varnish) and 1970s (Fluor Protector) silane fluoride varnish) to prolong the contact time between fluoride and enamel. Fluoride varnishes adhere to enamel, and calcium fluoride formed after application acts as a long-term reservoir of fluoride. Currently Duraphat varnish is the most widely used topical fluor...

Fluoride varnishes: should we be using them?

Fluoride varnishes are fast becoming the standard of care as topical fluoride treatments. Fluoride varnishes still await approval from the FDA for use as caries preventive agents. In the meantime, their use for such purposes is considered "off-label." This article highlights the efficacy of fluoride varnishes as caries preventive agents and introduces some of the commercially available fluoride...

Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory Submarine Base , Groton , Conn

Exploratory in nature, this study was designed to identify some of the personality trait configurations and attitude change patterns related to individual differences in cold coping capacity (CCC). Three enlisted marines participated in a week-long cold weather North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) combat exercise in upper Norway. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was a...

Submarine Medical Research Laboratory Submarine Base , Groton , Conn

Plasma vitamin C levels were determined for 28 submariners prior to, during, and after a 68-day patrol. A significant reduction occurred in plasma vitamin C levels during the patrol compared to levels obtained before and after the patrol. These reductions were unrelated to health and performance effects as determined by total dispensary visits, frequency of upper respiratory infections, and tra...

U.s. Naval Submarine Medical Center Naval Submarine Base, New London